Diphtheria / Tetanus / Pertussis

Pediarix by GlaxoSmithKline (DTaP/Polio/Hep B)

Captured 2022-11-05
Document Highlights

Initial U.S. Approval: 2002

PEDIARIX is a vaccine indicated for active immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, infection caused by all known subtypes of hepatitis B virus, and poliomyelitis.

Serious Adverse Events
Within 30 days… pyrexia, gastroenteritis… culture-negative clinical sepsis… uteropelvic junction obstruction… testicular atrophy… bronchiolitis.

Deaths
In 14 clinical trials, 5 deaths were reported among 8,088 (0.06%) recipients of PEDIARIX and 1 death was reported among 2,287 (0.04%) recipients of comparator vaccines. Causes of death in the group that received PEDIARIX included 2 cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and 1 case of each of the following: convulsive disorder, congenital immunodeficiency with sepsis, and neuroblastoma. One case of SIDS was reported in the comparator group.

Onset of Chronic Illnesses
(3%) who received PEDIARIX and… (4%) who received INFANRIX, ENGERIX-B, and IPV reported new onset of a chronic illness...

Postmarketing Spontaneous Reports for PEDIARIX
– Cyanosis.
– Diarrhea, vomiting.
– Fatigue, injection site cellulitis, injection site induration, injection site itching, injection site nodule/lump, injection site reaction, injection site vesicles, injection site warmth, limb pain, limb swelling.
– Anaphylactic reaction, anaphylactoid reaction, hypersensitivity.
– Upper respiratory tract infection.
– Abnormal liver function tests.
– Bulging fontanelle, depressed level of consciousness, encephalitis, hypotonia, hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode, lethargy, somnolence, syncope.
– Crying, insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, screaming, unusual crying.
– Apnea, cough, dyspnea.
– Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders Angioedema, erythema, rash, urticaria.
– Pallor, petechiae.

Postmarketing Spontaneous Reports for INFANRIX and/or ENGERIX-B
– Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia.
– Abdominal pain, intussusception, nausea.
– Asthenia, malaise.
– Jaundice
– Anaphylactic shock, serum sickness–like disease.
– Arthralgia, arthritis, muscular weakness, myalgia.
– Encephalopathy, headache, meningitis, neuritis, neuropathy, paralysis.
– Alopecia, erythema multiforme, lichen planus, pruritus, Stevens Johnson syndrome.
– Vasculitis

The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis components are the same as those in INFANRIX and KINRIX. The hepatitis B surface antigen is the same as that in ENGERIX-B.

The diphtheria toxin is produced… in Fenton medium containing a bovine extract. Tetanus toxin is produced… in a modified Latham medium derived from bovine casein.

The inactivated poliovirus component is an enhanced potency component. Each of the 3 strains of poliovirus is individually grown in VERO cells, a continuous line of monkey kidney cells

Calf serum and lactalbumin hydrolysate are used during VERO cell culture and/or virus culture.

Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis antigens… are individually adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide. The hepatitis B component is adsorbed onto aluminum phosphate.

Each 0.5-mL dose contains aluminum salts as adjuvant… 0.85 mg aluminum.

PEDIARIX has not been evaluated for carcinogenic or mutagenic potential or for impairment of fertility.

Comments

Pediarix was not tested for safety in a placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Why this is important.